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Qu'est-ce (qui) est Gastropoda - définition
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![Mating behaviour of ''[[Elysia timida]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elysia timida mating.jpg?width=200 "Mating behaviour of ''[[Elysia timida]]''")
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![Five views of a shell of a ''[[Fulguropsis]]'' species](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fulguropsis radula 01.JPG?width=200 "Five views of a shell of a ''[[Fulguropsis]]'' species")
![Fossil gastropod and attached mytilid [[bivalve]]s on a Jurassic limestone bedding plane of the [[Matmor Formation]] in southern [[Israel]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JurassicMarineIsrael.JPG?width=200 "Fossil gastropod and attached mytilid [[bivalve]]s on a Jurassic limestone bedding plane of the [[Matmor Formation]] in southern [[Israel]].")
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![''[[Cepaea nemoralis]]'': a European pulmonate land snail, which has been introduced to many other countries](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Slimaczek.jpg?width=200 "''[[Cepaea nemoralis]]'': a European pulmonate land snail, which has been introduced to many other countries")
![The anatomy of a common air-breathing land snail: much of this anatomy does not apply to gastropods in other [[clade]]s or groups.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Snail diagram-en edit1.svg?width=200 "The anatomy of a common air-breathing land snail: much of this anatomy does not apply to gastropods in other [[clade]]s or groups.")
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![''[[Trochonema]]'' sp., an early gastropod from the Middle Ordovician of the [[Galena Group]] of [[Minnesota]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Trochonema.jpg?width=200 "''[[Trochonema]]'' sp., an early gastropod from the Middle Ordovician of the [[Galena Group]] of [[Minnesota]].")
![A group of fossil shells of ''[[Turritella cingulifera]]'' from the [[Pliocene]] of [[Cyprus]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Turritellatricarinata.jpg?width=200 "A group of fossil shells of ''[[Turritella cingulifera]]'' from the [[Pliocene]] of [[Cyprus]]")
![The upper pair of [[tentacle]]s on the head of ''Helix pomatia'' have eye spots, but the main sensory organs of the snail are sensory receptors for [[olfaction]], situated in the [[epithelium]] of the tentacles.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vinogradski puz glava.jpg?width=200 "The upper pair of [[tentacle]]s on the head of ''Helix pomatia'' have eye spots, but the main sensory organs of the snail are sensory receptors for [[olfaction]], situated in the [[epithelium]] of the tentacles.")
![dextral coiling]], which is typical (but not universal) of [[gastropod shell]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zonitoides nitidus shell (cropped).jpg?width=200 "dextral coiling]], which is typical (but not universal) of [[gastropod shell]]s.")
Wikipédia
The gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs.
The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. As of 2017, 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record.
Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and reproductive adaptations of gastropods vary significantly from one clade or group to another, so stating many generalities for all gastropods is difficult.
The class Gastropoda has an extraordinary diversification of habitats. Representatives live in gardens, woodland, deserts, and on mountains; in small ditches, great rivers, and lakes; in estuaries, mudflats, the rocky intertidal, the sandy subtidal, the abyssal depths of the oceans, including the hydrothermal vents, and numerous other ecological niches, including parasitic ones.
Although the name "snail" can be, and often is, applied to all the members of this class, commonly this word means only those species with an external shell big enough that the soft parts can withdraw completely into it. Those gastropods without a shell, and those with only a very reduced or internal shell, are usually known as slugs; those with a shell into which they can partly but not completely withdraw are termed semislugs.
The marine shelled species of gastropods include species such as abalone, conches, periwinkles, whelks, and numerous other sea snails that produce seashells that are coiled in the adult stage—though in some, the coiling may not be very visible, for example in cowries. In a number of families of species, such as all the various limpets, the shell is coiled only in the larval stage, and is a simple conical structure after that.
